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Matrix Sum

Time limit2sMemory limit256 MB

Summary
Count the submatrices of an N by M matrix whose element sum is at most x.
Level

Medium7 of 10

Topics
Prefix sum, Two pointers, Binary search, Array
Solved
No attempts yet

Problem

You are given an N by M integer matrix A and an integer x. Among all submatrices of A, you want to count those whose element sum is at most x. For example, let N = M = 2, x = 5, and let A be as follows.

1 2
3 4

All four 1x1 submatrices have element sum at most x = 5. The 2x1 submatrix containing 1 and 3 and the 1x2 submatrix containing 1 and 2 also have element sums 1+3 = 4 and 1+2 = 3, which are at most x, so they satisfy the condition. Every other submatrix has element sum greater than 5, so the answer is 6.

As another example, let N = 2, M = 3, x = 0, and let A be as follows.

0 -1 -2
-3 -4 -5

Every submatrix of A has element sum at most 0, so the answer is 18.

Write a program that takes N, M, x, and A as input and counts the submatrices whose element sum is at most x.

Input

The first line contains the number of test cases T.

The first line of each test case contains N, M, and x separated by spaces.

The next N lines each contain M integers separated by spaces.

Output

Print the number of submatrices of A whose element sum is at most x.

Constraints

  • 1 ≤ T ≤ 10
  • -1,000,000,000 ≤ x ≤ 1,000,000,000
  • -100,000 ≤ each element of A ≤ 100,000

Examples1

  1. Example 1

    Input
    4
    2 2 5
    1 2
    3 4
    2 3 0
    0 -1 -2
    -3 -4 -5
    4 1 3
    1
    2
    1
    2
    3 3 1
    10 10 10
    10 -100 10
    10 10 10
    
    Expected output
    6
    18
    7
    16