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Accelerationism

Accelerationism is a range of Marxist and reactionary ideas in critical and social theory that propose that social processes, such as capitalist growth and technological change, should be drastically intensified to destabilize systems to create further radical social change referred to as "acceleration". The term also refers to the post-Marxist idea that because of capitalism's internal contradictions and instabilities which can jeopardize its growth, the abolition of the system and its class structures could be brought about by its acceleration. Various ideas, including Gilles Deleuze and Fรฉlix Guattari's idea of deterritorialization, Jean Baudrillard's proposals for "fatal strategies", and aspects of the theoretical systems and processes developed by English philosopher and later Dark Enlightenment commentator Nick Land, are crucial influences on accelerationism, which aims to analyze and subsequently promote the social, economic, cultural, and libidinal forces that constitute the process of acceleration. Accelerationism has since been taken as an ideological spectrum divided into mutually contradictory left-wing and right-wing variants. Both support the indefinite intensification of capitalism and its structures and the conditions for a technological singularity, a theoretical point where technological growth becomes uncontrollable and irreversible. Accelerationism

๊ฐ€์†์ฃผ์˜โ€‹

๊ฐ€์†์ฃผ์˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์†(acceleration)์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ธ‰์ง„์  ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋ณ€ํ˜์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ์•ฝ์ฒดํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ๋ณ€ํ™” ํ˜น์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋งˆ๋ฅดํฌ์Šค์ฃผ์˜ ํ˜น์€ ๊ทธ ๋งˆ๋ฅดํฌ์Šค์ฃผ์˜์˜ ๊ฐœ์„ ์  ์‚ฌ์ƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์†์ฃผ์˜๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜์— ๋‚ด์žฌ๋œ ๊ฐˆ๋“ฑ๊ณผ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์ด ๊ทธ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฒด๊ณ„์˜ ๋ถ•๊ดด ๋ฐ ๊ณ„๊ธ‰์˜ ์ข…๋ง์ด ๋„๋ž˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋งˆ๋ฅดํฌ์Šค ์ดํ›„ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์†์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ , ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ , ๋ฌธํ™”์ , ๋ณธ๋Šฅ์  ์›๋™๋ ฅ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€์ง€ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์†์ฃผ์˜์— ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค:

  • Gilles Deleuze์™€ Fรฉlix Guattari์˜ ๋น„์˜ํ† ํ™” (Deterritorialization)
  • Jean Baudrillard์˜ ์น˜๋ช…์  ์ „๋žต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ์•ˆ
  • ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ์ฒ ํ•™์ž ๋ฐ ์ดํ›„ ์–ด๋‘์šด ๊ณ„๋ชฝ์ฃผ์˜ (Dark Enlightenment)์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฃผํ•ด์ž Nick Land์˜ ์ด๋ก ์  ์ฒด๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ์ ˆ์ฐจ

๊ฐ€์†์ฃผ์˜๋Š” ์ดํ›„ ์ขŒ์ต์  ๊ฐ€์†์ฃผ์˜์™€ ์šฐ์ต์  ๊ฐ€์†์ฃผ์˜๋กœ ๋ถ„ํŒŒ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜์™€ ๊ทธ ์ฒด๊ณ„์˜ ๊ทน๋Œ€ํ™” ๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ํŠน์ด์ (๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ํ†ต์ œ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ์ง€์ )์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ขŒ์ต์  ๊ฐ€์†์ฃผ์˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์ง„ํ™”์™€ ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ๋Šฅ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ์ต์  ๊ฐ€์†์ฃผ์˜๋Š” ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜ ์ž์ฒด์˜ ๊ฐ•ํ™”์™€ ๊ทธ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ํŠน์ด์ ์˜ ๋„๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•œ๋‹ค.