Alexander I

Alexander I's reign is often associated with the Napoleonic Wars and the Congress of Vienna.
Alexander's alliances with Western European powers and his participation in the Congress of Vienna helped modernize Russia and make it more like Western Europe.
- Alexander established a new legal code, encouraged education and the arts, and reformed the military.
Alexander's policies of Westernization were detrimental to Russia's unique cultural identity.
- His policies often favored the nobility over the peasantry, which led to social inequality.
- His policies of censorship and suppression of dissenting voices undermined the development of Russian culture and society.